ShanghaiRanking’s Academic Ranking of World Universities 2019 | Top 100

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The Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) was first published in June 2003 by the Center for World-Class Universities (CWCU), Graduate School of Education (formerly the Institute of Higher Education) of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China, and updated on an annual basis. Since 2009 the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) has been published and copyrighted by ShanghaiRanking Consultancy. ShanghaiRanking Consultancy is a fully independent organization dedicating to research on higher education intelligence and consultation.

Ranking Methodology

Candidate Universities

ARWU considers every university that has any Nobel Laureates, Fields Medalists, Highly Cited Researchers,or papers published in Nature or Science. In addition,universities with significant amount of papers indexed byScience Citation Index-Expanded (SCIE) and Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) are also included. In total, more than 1800 universities are actually ranked and the best 1000 are published.Ranking Criteria and Weights Universities are ranked by several indicators of academic or research performance, including alumni and staff winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals, highly cited researchers,papers published in Nature and Science, papers indexed in major citation indices, and the per capita academic performance of an institution. For each indicator, the highest scoring institution is assigned a score of 100, and other institutions are calculated as a percentage of the top score.

 The distribution of data for each indicator is examined for any significant distorting effect; standard statistical techniques are used to adjust the indicator if necessary. Scores for each indicator are weighted as shown below to arrive at a final overall score for an institution. The highest scoring institution is assigned a score of 100, and other institutions are calculated as a percentage of the top score. An institution's rank reflects the number of institutions that sit above it.

Alumni

The total number of the alumni of an institution winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals. Alumni are defined as those who obtain bachelor's, master's or doctoral degrees from the institution. Different weights are set according to the periods of obtaining degrees. The weight is 100%  for alumni obtaining degrees after 2011, 90% for alumni obtaining degrees in 2001-2010, 80% for alumni obtaining degrees in 1991-2000, and so on, and finally 10% for alumni obtaining degrees in 1921 1930. If a person obtains more than one degrees from an institution, the institution is considered once only.

Papers published in Nature and Science

The number of papers published in Nature and Science between 2014 and 2018. To distinguish the order of author affiliation, a weight of 100% is assigned for corresponding author affiliation, 50% for first author affiliation (second author affiliation if the first author affiliation is the same as corresponding author affiliation), 25% for the next author affiliation, and 10% for other author affiliations. When there are more than one corresponding author addresses, we consider the first corresponding author address as the corresponding author address and consider other corresponding author addresses as first author address, second author address etc. following the order of the author

addresses. Only publications of 'Article' type is considered.

Award

The total number of the staff of an institution winning Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Medicine and Economics and Fields Medal in Mathematics. Staff is defined as those who work at an institution at the time of winning the prize. Different weights are set according to the periods of winning the prizes. The weight is 100% for winners after 2011, 90% for winners in 2001-2010, 80% for winners in 1991-2000, 70% for winners in 1981-1990, and so on, and finally 10% for winners in 1921-1930. If a winner is affiliated with more than one institution, each institution is assigned the reciprocal of the number of institutions. For Nobel prizes, if a prize is shared by more than one person, weights are set for winners according to their proportion of the prize.

HiCi

The number of Highly Cited Researchers selected by Clarivate Analytics. The Highly Cited Researchers list issued in December 2018 was used for the calculation of HiCi indicator in ARWU 2019. Only the primary affiliations of Highly Cited Researchers are considered.

PUB

Total number of papers indexed in Science Citation Index-Expanded and Social Science pdfè;Citation Index in 2018. Only publications of 'Article' type is considered. When calculating the total number of papers of an institution, a special weight of two was introduced for papers indexed in Social Science Citation Index.

 PCP

The weighted scores of the above five indicators divided by the number of full-time equivalent academic staff. If the number of academic staff for institutions of a country cannot be obtained, the weighted scores of the above five indicators is used. For ARWU 2019, the numbers of full-time equivalent academic staff are obtained for institutions in USA, UK, France, Canada, Japan, Italy, China, Australia, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, Belgium, South Korea, Czech, Slovenia, New Zealand etc.

1	Harvard University		1	100.0	100.0
2	Stanford University		2	75.1	45.2
3	University of Cambridge		1	72.3	80.7
4	Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)		3	69.0	72.0
5	University of California, Berkeley		4	67.9	67.1
6	Princeton University		5	60.0	59.6
7	University of Oxford		2	59.7	48.9
8	Columbia University		6	59.1	61.4
9	California Institute of Technology		7	58.6	52.3
10	University of Chicago		8	55.1	59.6
11	University of California, Los Angeles		9-10	50.8	28.6
11	Yale University		9-10	50.8	47.6
13	Cornell University		11	49.8	43.8
14	University of Washington		12	48.7	24.4
15	University College London		3	47.9	26.9
16	Johns Hopkins University		13	47.6	36.8
17	University of Pennsylvania		14	47.3	31.2
18	University of California, San Diego		15	47.1	19.4
19	Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich		1	46.1	28.6
20	University of California, San Francisco		16-17	42.2	0
20	University of Michigan-Ann Arbor		16-17	42.2	33.6
22	Washington University in St. Louis		18	41.7	22.4
23	Imperial College London		4	41.6	13.7
24	University of Toronto		1	41.4	17.7
25	The University of Tokyo		1	40.7	37.6
26	University of Copenhagen		1	40.2	20.2
27	University of Wisconsin - Madison		19	38.8	30.2
28	Duke University		20	38.6	14.8
29	Northwestern University		21	38.4	13.7
30	New York University		22	38.1	28.6
31	The University of Edinburgh		5	37.4	27.5
32	Kyoto University		2	37.0	33.6
33	The University of Manchester		6	36.9	15.9
33	University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill		23	36.9	7.9
35	Rockefeller University		24	36.2	16.8
35	University of British Columbia		2	36.2	14.8
37	University of Paris-Sud (Paris 11)		1	36.1	29.4
38	Karolinska Institute		1	35.8	24.4
38	University of Colorado at Boulder		25-26	35.8	12.5
38	University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign		25-26	35.8	27.5
41	The University of Melbourne		1	35.7	15.9
41	University of Minnesota, Twin Cities		27	35.7	28.0
43	Tsinghua University		1	35.4	9.7
44	Sorbonne University		2	35.1	35.6
45	The University of Texas at Austin		28	34.3	25.1
46	University of Maryland, College Park		29	33.7	18.6
47	Heidelberg University		1	33.3	19.4
48	University of California, Santa Barbara		30	33.2	14.8
49	The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas		31	32.8	18.6
49	Utrecht University		1	32.8	22.4
51	King's College London		7	32.4	21.0
52	University of Munich		2	32.3	26.9
53	Peking University		2	32.2	11.2
54	The University of Queensland		2	31.8	12.5
55	University of Southern California		32-33	31.7	0
55	Vanderbilt University		32-33	31.7	14.8
57	Technical University Munich		3	31.2	36.8
58	University of Geneva		2	31.1	29.7
59	University of Oslo		1	31.0	26.9
60	Aarhus University		2	30.9	11.2
61	University of Zurich		3	30.8	0
62	Uppsala University		2	30.5	15.9
63	University of Helsinki		1	30.3	16.8
64	University of Bristol		8	29.9	5.6
65	University of Groningen		2	29.6	13.7
66	Ghent University		1	29.3	0
67	National University of Singapore		1	29.2	0
68	Erasmus University Rotterdam		3	29.1	0
68	The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center		34	29.1	0
70	University of Bonn		4	29.0	23.8
70	Zhejiang University		3	29.0	0
72	Purdue University - West Lafayette		35	28.5	12.5
73	Monash University		3	28.4	0
73	Nanyang Technological University		2	28.4	0
73	Stockholm University		3	28.4	22.4
76	Boston University		36	28.3	11.2
76	The Australian National University		4	28.3	13.7
78	Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne		4	28.1	0
79	Ecole Normale Superieure - Paris		3	28.0	48.2
80	University of California, Irvine		37	27.9	0
80	University of Sydney		5	27.9	13.7
82	Leiden University		4	27.8	15.9
82	Shanghai Jiao Tong University		4	27.8	0
84	Brown University		38	27.6	14.8
85	KU Leuven		2	27.4	0
85	Technion-Israel Institute of Technology		1	27.4	23.8
87	Moscow State University		1	27.3	40.8
87	University of Basel		5	27.3	23.1
89	University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Campus		39	27.2	17.7
90	McGill University		3-4	27.1	32.2
90	McMaster University		3-4	27.1	19.4
90	Nagoya University		3	27.1	29.1
90	University of California, Davis		40	27.1	0
94	The University of New South Wales		6	27.0	0
95	Carnegie Mellon University		41-43	26.5	31.2
95	Rice University		41-43	26.5	15.9
95	University of Florida		41-43	26.5	16.8
98	Pennsylvania State University - University Park		44	26.4	9.7
99	The University of Western Australia		7	26.2	13.7
100	The Ohio State University - Columbus		45	26.0	11.2